Word of the Week – August, Take 2

Word of the Week – August, Take 2

A couple years ago, I did a post on August, diving into the Latin roots and how July and August were both renamed for emperors…and sharing a silly epiphany I had about it in high school. You can (and should!) read that post here.

But I was so busy sharing my silliness that I decided not to make that post any longer with other fascinating tidbits about August…so here we are, back again!

First, a bit more on the Roman renaming of the months after emperors. Did you know that when they renamed the seventh month July and the eighth month August, they also renamed September and October to be Germanicus and Domitian? They totally did! But for whatever reason, those second two didn’t stick, and only the first two did.

But what about in the English speaking world? What was this month called before England adopted the Roman names in the late 11th century?

They called it Weodmonað, which literally translates to “weed month.”

Go ahead. Laugh. I know I did.

This “weed month” was, at the time at least, considered to be the first month of autumn in England (whereas August in America is considered the last month of summer, and it’s often the hottest month of the year–but “weed month” still works on this side of the pond!)

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Word of the Week – Goggles

Word of the Week – Goggles

Ever wonder where the word goggles comes from? It’s pretty funny-sounding, when you think about it. And it’s history is rather amusing too.

Goggle began life not as a noun, but as a verb. It dates from the 1530s, coming from the Middle English with a meaning of “to roll the eyes.” In Middle English, the word had also come to mean squint-eyed. Why? Because of a mis-translation from Latin! The Latin term actually meant “one-eyed.” So…close? LOL

It’s because of this clear association with eyes, though, that we eventually arrive at our current meaning. Goggles as a noun meaning “spectacles; protective eye-wear” dates from 1715!

As for swimming goggles, various items have been used over the centuries, but the evolution of what we think of today started in 1911, when a swimmer used motorcycle goggles swam across the English Channel. They were leaky, but clearly the concept caught on! In 1926 the first female to swim the English Channel improved on that design, adding a paraffin seal for waterproofing. And in 1936 the first patent was filed for waterproof goggles made for swimming.

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Word of the Week – Air-Conditioning

Word of the Week – Air-Conditioning

Coming as I do from a state below the Mason-Dixon line, we have humid, hot summers…and so, love our air-conditioners.

But where did these things come from, and when? Did the words always mean devices that cool us?

Nope! When the terms air-conditioning and air-conditioner were coined, they meant something very different. Dating from 1909, these terms were invented for use in textile manufacturing. The moisture-content of the air was critical in spinning cotton into a fine yarn, so machines were built that were meant to cleanse the air and regulate the moisture content.

But of course, though industry may pave the way, the general populace tends to pick up on clever inventions too, right? By the 1930s, large stores and restaurants were using similar methods to cool the air.

Are you from a region where air-conditioning is considered mandatory?

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Word of the Week – Cooler

Word of the Week – Cooler

When we think of a cooler, we think of a portable, insulated box that keeps things cold, right? That’s certainly the most common use these days, anyway.

But when cooler first joined the English language in the 1570s, it was instead referring to a vessel in which you’d put something hot that needed to cool off. (My family owns a farm, and in the shed there’s a cooler, which is an entire room, a walk-in refrigerator, which clearly comes from that same idea of making cool, not keeping cool.)

This “cool off” meaning was what led cooler to be adopted as a slang term for “jail” in 1884.

So what about those portable boxes? Those weren’t invented and named until 1944!

 

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Word of the Week – Lawn

Word of the Week – Lawn

Do you like mowing the lawn? Confession: I have never in my life done that job. My dad told me I should learn and I believe I said something like, “No thanks.” When living in an apartment during and after college, it was irrelevant. And after we moved to a house, we delegated tasks, and outdoor stuff like lawn care went to my husband. These days, my son has taken over much of the mowing. And I’m quite happy to let them at it. 😉

And as it turns out, my opinion is very classical. Lawn dates from about 1540 as “turf, a stretch of grass,” but not usually in a cultivated sense. It came directly from Middle English laune, which was “a meadow, open space in a forest or between woods.” Etymologists think this Middle English word was borrowed either from the Old French lande, meaning “heath, moor, barren land, clearing” or the Germanic ladam of similar meaning, from which we got land.

But it wasn’t until the 1730s that anyone thought to cultivate and mow these grassy expanses! The first written record we have of such a thing is from 1733.

Do you enjoy tending a lawn or does it rank as a dreaded chore in your family?

 

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Word of the Week – Beach

Word of the Week – Beach

It’s time to get technical with one of my favorite things: the beach.

When we say beach today, what do we think of? Generally speaking, the nice sandy shore abutting the ocean or a lake, right.

Turns out…we’re wrong. 😉 Okay, not wrong exactly, but that’s not where the word began. Beach dates from the 1530s as an English word, traced to the Old English bece, which meant not sand but “stream.” Beach itself was derived from that stream association but was used to describe the water-worn pebbles or rocks beside a body of water.

Rocks and stones and pebbles, not sand, per se–and originally that material itself, not the region. In parts of English, beach still refers to pebbles. Fascinating, isn’t it?

Of course, we know that plenty of shores don’t have pebbles but something even smaller–sand. And by the 1590s beach had already begun to be expanded to mean the shore, not just whatever it’s made up of.

And whatever the case, it’s one of my favorite things!

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