How to Make Your Own Quill Pens

by Roseanna White | Sep 4, 2013 | 17th-19th Centuries, Remember When Wednesdays

In preparation for my “Spies in Early America” class I’m teaching my home school group, I decided to get some quills. After all, if one is pretending to be a Revolutionary-era spy and will be writing secret messages in homemade invisible ink, obviously one ought to use a quill pen to do it! Right? Right. =)

The only problem is that, well, finished quill pens are a bit pricey. And since I listed my classes as “free,” I wanted to keep costs to a minimum. As I perused the quill options online, something soon became clear–if I was going to provide quills to 12 students, I needed to buy them uncut, hence cheaply.

Sure. No problem. I could learn to cut quills. I mean, every person who knew how to write for centuries trimmed their own quills. This isn’t a big deal. I’m a smart girl. I can figure it out. Right? Right?? LOL

So I ordered my nice set of a dozen black quills. And as I waited for them to arrive, I read up on the process online, visiting several sites to get the full scope of my project. And the more I read…the more I realized that 12 quills ordered for 12 students gave me absolutely no margin of error. Insert Roseanna taking a trip to Jo-Ann Fabrics.

I ended up with 6 colored quills for $2, the 12 black ones for $7, and a precision knife made by Fiskars. (Colonial folks would have used a pen knife. I, however, have not a pen knife. So I went with a sharp blade that still allowed for control.)

My Fiskars Precision Knife

Then I set up my area. I was working on my old wooden desk, which I didn’t want to score with my blade, so I put a cutting board down. Then I got to work preparing the quills. The first step is to shave off excess feathers, as you can see from the mound of colored fluff in the above picture. The idea is to make sure it sits comfortably in your hand without the barbs annoying you. I have tiny hands, so I didn’t have much to worry about. But men would have to shave off more, for sure. And most people from days bygone would have stripped the quill entirely. For ascetics, I didn’t do that here.

See how the feathers hit my hand at first?

After trimming, the feathers don’t start until after my hand.

You’ll also want to shave the feathers from the middle section of the quill, where they’re really fluffy. I actually found that with the feathers I was using, if I took off all the fluffy looking ones from middle and sides, that was a good rule for how far to shave.

Shaving fluffy feathers from inside the rib

 I then cut off all the tips of the feathers. This has to be done at some point, and one of the articles I read said to do it before tempering. Others said after. I see no big difference when you do it, so…whenever, LOL.

Quill with tip removed

Then comes the tempering–this is when you harden your quill. The quill wears away with use, so if you start with a harder shaft, it’ll last longer. You can soak them overnight in water to really help the process, but since these are for recreational use, I went straight to the heat tempering.

For this part of the process, you fill a can with sand and pop it in a 350-degree oven for about 15 minutes. Since I was doing so many quills at once, I used a cake pan. Once the sand is heated, pull it out of the oven and bury your quills in as far as they’ll go.

Quills getting their heat treatment in 350-degree sand

Leave them in there until the sand has cooled. I did this part in the evening and left them until morning when I was ready to start working on them again.

Next comes the part I feared messing up royally–cutting. Getting out my handy-dandy precision knife again, I studied the diagrams and descriptions on the various websites and distilled it down to a few main steps.

1. Make a slice at an angle to take away about half the diameter of the quill.

The first slice.

2. Once you’ve opened the shaft, you can see that inside is a series of circular membranes. Get those out with the tip of your blade and, in the section beyond your cut, some little pokey thing. I used a cuticle shaper from a pedicure set, LOL.

Removing the membrane

3. Then you do the slices to form your nib. Start by making a slit parallel to the shaft and centered, from the tip up about 1/4 inch. This helps the ink flow to the point

Making the slit

4. Then you start shaping the point into a nib. Here are some pictures from various angles.

5. The final step is to work the point. I just pressed my blade to the tip, perpendicular to the shaft, to square it off. Then took it at an angle from both top and bottom to get the best edge.

As I practiced using them, I trimmed a bit here and there until I found the shape that made the ink flow best. And of course…

The Army Heritage Center in Carlisle PA

by Roseanna White | May 22, 2013 | 17th-19th Centuries, Remember When Wednesdays

Last week I had the opportunity to take my kids with our home school group to Carlisle, Pennsylvania for a day’s tour of the Army Heritage Center. With displays on everything military from the French and Indian Wars through the War on Terror, I knew they would have fun–and I was hoping to come away with some nice pictures and research on that early stuff, since I seem to have fallen into writing books about wars. 😉

 

Our tour began in the Colonial section of the center, where we got to watch a blacksmith at work in the Carlisle Forge. I’ve had this pleasure before, but it never really gets old to see how they take hunks of formless steel and turn them into works of art or function. What especially amazes me is how these dedicated reenactors can explain so much about the early days of our country and the craft they obviously love while performing it before our very eyes.

A few of the pieces this smith had done, based on original artifacts he had seen

This gentleman explained about how a blacksmith was one of the most important people to any army. Each regiment would have one, but he would rarely see any fighting–they kept him well removed from the front lines, because he was too valuable to lose. He also explained, when someone mentioned how very lovely the pieces are, that what we deem beauty–those delicate curls and whisper-thin pieces of iron–were actually there for economy’s sake. Iron was expensive, and never wasted. They made pieces as thin as they practically could to conserve the resources, and tapered them at the ends for the same reason.

From there our group ventured into more modern times, but I didn’t pay quite as much attention to those. 😉 I was far more intrigued by the recreation of the Yorktown Redoubt…

Revolutionary War Blockhouse

…and in hearing the tales told to us by this wonderful historian at the Revolutionary Block House. We didn’t get to go into the watch tower, but I thoroughly enjoyed hearing the guide talk about the long rifle he carried, the state of the roads in the day (I didn’t realize they left the stumps of the trees they cut for roads, accounting for all those terrible bumps!), and why it was necessary to boil the salted fish three times before consuming it. Yes, to remove all the salt…but also to remove all the maggots. (Eww!) He also explained how the term “mess” came to be used for food in the military. Whenever they had fresh meat, each man would get a hacked-off portion. But they weren’t exactly trimming steaks here–some men would end up with nice meat, others with nothing but bone and fat. So a group of six or so would throw this mess into a pot together with whatever vegetables they might have been given. The result was a stew that gained flavor from the bones and provided something to actually eat from the meat.

Our final stop of the day was to venture into the model of a Logg House. Originally set up to be supply stations between the forts during the French and Indian War days, they afterward became vital to settlers who wanted to trade, water their horses, or get fresh food. Unfortunately, most of these two-room homes were destroyed during Pontiac’s War in 1763.

All in all, a fun day of hands-on discovery! (Oh, and the kids had fun too…) 😉