I always find it interesting when a word with different meanings comes, in fact, from different root words. Such is the case with scale.
Though that single English word can mean many different things–fish’s scale, or a scale that builds up on something; to scale a mountain; something that measures weights–none of those meanings actually have anything to do with each other!
The first meaning comes from the Old French escale, meaning “shell,” hence being applied to thin, hard plates on animals.
The Latin word scala means ladder, which is where our “climb” meaning comes from.
And there’s an old Scandinavian word, skal, that means “bowl”–which were used for measuring in the old-timey scale versions that we all recognize but probably don’t have in our house these days. 😉
Now, why we gave them all the same spelling in English…I have no idea, LOL.